A Light-Emitting Diode (LED) in essence is a P-N junction solid-state semiconductor
diode that emits light when a current is applied though the device.[1] By scientific
definition, it is a solid-state device that controls current without the deficiency of having
heated filaments. How does a LED work? White LEDs ordinarily need 3.6 Volts of Direct
Current (DC) and use approximately 30 milliamps (mA) of current and has a power
dissipation of approximately 100 milliwatts (mW). The positive power is connected to one
side of the LED semiconductor through the anode and a whisker and the other side of the
semiconductor is attached to the top of the anvil or the negative power lead (cathode). It is
the chemical composition or makeup of the LED semiconductor that determines the color of
the light that the LED produces as well as the intensity level. The epoxy resin enclosure
allows most of the light to escape from the elements and protects the LED making it virtually
indestructible. Furthermore, a light-emitting diode does not have any moving parts, which
makes the device extremely resistant to damage due to vibration and shocks. These
